Forging Brass

Leaded forging brass, also known as free-cutting forging brass, is a type of brass alloy designed for excellent machinability and forgeability. The addition of lead improves the machinability of the alloy by acting as a lubricant, while the brass retains good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.

Composition:

Copper (Cu): Approximately 57-61%
Zinc (Zn): Approximately 35-39%
Lead (Pb): Approximately 1-3%
Other elements: May include small amounts of iron (Fe) to enhance specific properties.

Grades

ASTM B 124 C37700:

ASTM standard specifying the composition and mechanical properties for leaded forging brass.

BS 2874 CZ 122:

British Standard specifying the requirements for leaded forging brass alloys.

IS 3488 Forging Brass:

Indian Standard specifying the composition and properties for leaded forging brass.

CW 608N:

European standard specifying the composition and properties for leaded forging brass alloys.

Properties:

Corrosion Resistance:
- Good general corrosion resistance, making it suitable for various industrial and commercial applications.
- Moderate resistance to dezincification, suitable for most environments but not highly aggressive ones.
Mechanical Properties:
- Tensile Strength: Typically around 350-500 MPa.
- Yield Strength: Approximately 100-250 MPa.
- Elongation: Generally around 15-30%, indicating good ductility.
- Hardness: Moderate hardness, with a typical Brinell hardness number (HB) of around 80-120.
Machinability:
- Excellent machinability due to the presence of lead, making it ideal for high-speed machining and turning operations.
- Often used in automatic screw machines and other machining equipment.
Forgeability:
- Good forgeability, allowing for the production of complex shapes and high-strength components.
- Suitable for hot forging processes.
Thermal and Electrical Conductivity:
- Good thermal conductivity, suitable for heat exchange applications.
- Moderate electrical conductivity, sufficient for many industrial uses but lower than pure copper.

Applications:

Forged Components: Extensively used in the production of precision forged components, such as fittings, connectors, valves, and fasteners.
Plumbing Systems: Commonly used in domestic and commercial plumbing systems due to its forgeability and corrosion resistance.
Automotive and Aerospace: Employed in the automotive and aerospace industries for components requiring precise forging and reliable performance.
Industrial Equipment: Suitable for various industrial equipment parts, including gears, bearings, and bushings, where precise machining and forging are required.